Phyllonorycter crataegella (Clemens, 1859)

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SUBFAMILY Lithocolletinae
GENUSPhyllonorycter
SPECIES crataegella
AUTHOR(Clemens, 1859)
ORIGINAL COMBINATIONL.[ithocolletis] crataegella.
TYPE LOCALITY[U.S.A.].
GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES /
TYPE SPECIMEN(S) Not stated in original publication, one type, "unspread, but perfect", ANSP (Busck 1903: 190); this specimen was designated as the Lectotype ♂ by Landry & Wagner (1995: 614), genitalia slide Davis 2938; "5 Ky. from quince and wild cherry", CMCZ (1884:15).
STATUSSpecies
PUBLICATION Clemens, B. 1859. Contribution to American Lepidopterology. - No. 2 - Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [1859]:317-328.
PAGINATION 319, 324

Species Synonyms

NAME AUTHOR STATUS
malifoliella (Meyrick, 1912) Synonym of species
malimalifoliella (Braun, 1908) Synonym of species

Species Distribution

COUNTRY PROVINCE/STATE PUBLICATION PAGE
Canada New Brunswick Pohl, G. R., Landry, J.-F., Schmidt, B. C., Lafontaine, J. D., Troubridge, J. T., Macaulay, A. D., van Nieukerken, E. J., DeWaard, J. R., Dombroskie, J. J., Klymko, J., Nazari, V. & Stead, K. 2018. Annotated checklist of the moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Canada and Alaska. - — :1-580. 53
Canada Nova Scotia Stultz, H. T. 1964. Lithocolletis blancardella Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae [sic]) on apple in eastern North America with notes on other species occurring on Rosaceae. - Canadian Entomologist 96(11):1442-1449. 1448
Canada Ontario Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614
Canada Quebec Johnson, E. F., Laing, J. E. & Trottier, R. 1976. The seasonal occurrence of Lithocolletis blancardella (Gracillariidae) and its major enemies in Ontario apple orchards. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario 107:31-45. 31
Canada Manitoba Pohl, G. R., Landry, J.-F., Schmidt, B. C., Lafontaine, J. D., Troubridge, J. T., Macaulay, A. D., van Nieukerken, E. J., DeWaard, J. R., Dombroskie, J. J., Klymko, J., Nazari, V. & Stead, K. 2018. Annotated checklist of the moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Canada and Alaska. - — :1-580. 53
United States, US Illinois Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D. & Glenn, M. O. 1987. Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: An annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). - — :1-44. 16
United States, US Kentucky Chambers, V. T. 1871. Micro-Lepidoptera. - Canadian Entomologist 3(3-12):54-58, 84-88, 108-112, 127-130, 146-149, 161-166, 182-185, 205-209, 221-224. 108
United States, US Massachusetts Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
United States, US Michigan Dutcher, J. D. & Howitt, A. J. 1978. Bionomics and control of Lithocolletis blancardella in Michigan. - Journal of Economic Entomology 71:736-738.  
United States, US Missouri Barrett, B. A. 1994. Within-tree distribution of Phyllonorycter blancardella (F.) and P. crataegella (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and associated levels of parasitism in commercial apple orchards. - Biological Control 4(1):74-79. 74
United States, US New Hampshire Maier, C. T. 1985a. Rosaceous hosts of Phyllonorycter species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in New England. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(6):826-830.  
United States, US New Jersey Braun, A. F. 1908a. New species of Lithocolletis. - Entomological News 19:99-107. 101 (as malimalifoliella)
United States, US New York Weires, R. W. 1977. Control of Phyllonorycter crataegella in eastern New York. - Journal of Economic Entomology 70(4):521-523. 521
United States, US Ohio Ely, C. R. 1918. A revision of the North-American Gracilariidae [sic] from the standpoint of venation. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 19B (1917)(1-4):29-77. 60
United States, US Pennsylvania Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 615
United States, US Virginia Beckham, C. M., Hough, W. S. & Hill, C. H. 1950. Biology and control of the spotted tentiform leaf miner on apple trees. - Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 114:3-12.  
United States, US Wisconsin Legner, E. F. & Oatman, E. R. 1962. Foliage feeding Lepidoptera on young non-bearing apple trees in Wisconsin. - Journal of Economic Entomology 55:552-554.  
United States, US   Green, T. A. & Prokopy, R. J. 1991. Oviposition behavior of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Journal of the New York Entomological Society 99(4):654-663. 654
United States, US Maine Brower, A. E. 1984. A List of the Lepidoptera of Maine, Part 2: The Microlepidoptera, Section 2; Cosmopterigidae through Hepialidae. - — 114:i-x, 1-70. 41
United States, US Vermont Grehan, J. R., Parker, B. L., Nielsen, G. R., Miller, D. H., Hedbor, J. D., Sabourin, M. & Griggs, M. S. 1995. Moths and butterflies of Vermont (Lepidoptera). A faunal checklist. - — :i-xi, 1-95. 6
United States, US Oregon Braun, A. F. 1939. Notes and new species: Gracilariidae [sic] (Microlepidoptera). - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 32:279-287. 279
United States, US   Clemens, B. 1859. Contribution to American Lepidopterology. - No. 2 - Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [1859]:317-328. 324
United States, US Arkansas Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614
United States, US Connecticut Maier, C. T. 1981. Seasonal occurrence, abundance, and leaf damage of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, in Connecticut apple orchards. - Environmental Entomology 10(5):645-649. 645

Host Plants

FAMILY SPECIES COUNTRY PUBLICATION PAGE
Rosaceae Amelanchier canadensis U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Amelanchier sp. U.S.A. Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614
Rosaceae Aronia sp. U.S.A. Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614
Rosaceae Crataegus sp. U.S.A. Clemens, B. 1859. Contribution to American Lepidopterology. - No. 2 - Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [1859]:317-328. 324
Rosaceae Cydonia japonica U.S.A. Chambers, V. T. 1878b. Art. IV.—Tineina and their food-plants. - Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 4(1):107-124. 112
Rosaceae Cydonia oblonga U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988c. Gracillariid hosts of Sympiesis marylandensis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in New England. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(5):728-732. 731
Rosaceae Cydonia oblonga U.S.A. Chambers, V. T. 1878b. Art. IV.—Tineina and their food-plants. - Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 4(1):107-124. 112
Rosaceae Cydonia sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Malus coronaria U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Malus domestica U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Malus malus U.S.A. Braun, A. F. 1908a. New species of Lithocolletis. - Entomological News 19:99-107. 101
Rosaceae Malus pumila U.S.A. Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D. & Glenn, M. O. 1987. Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: An annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). - — :1-44. 16
Rosaceae Malus sieboldii U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Malus sp. U.S.A. Ely, C. R. 1918. A revision of the North-American Gracilariidae [sic] from the standpoint of venation. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 19B (1917)(1-4):29-77. 60
Rosaceae Malus sylvestris U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Malus x zumi U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Photinia sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Prunus americana U.S.A. Chambers, V. T. 1878b. Art. IV.—Tineina and their food-plants. - Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 4(1):107-124. 112
Rosaceae Prunus avium U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Prunus domestica U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Prunus pennsylvanica U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1985a. Rosaceous hosts of Phyllonorycter species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in New England. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(6):826-830. 829
Rosaceae Prunus salicina U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Prunus serotina U.S.A. Clemens, B. 1860b. Contribution to American Lepidopterology. - No. 5 - Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [1860]:203-221. 208
Rosaceae Prunus sp. U.S.A. Ely, C. R. 1918. A revision of the North-American Gracilariidae [sic] from the standpoint of venation. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 19B (1917)(1-4):29-77. 61
Rosaceae Prunus virginiana U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1985a. Rosaceous hosts of Phyllonorycter species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in New England. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(6):826-830. 829
Rosaceae Pyrus communis U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Pyrus coronaria U.S.A. Chambers, V. T. 1871. Micro-Lepidoptera. - Canadian Entomologist 3(3-12):54-58, 84-88, 108-112, 127-130, 146-149, 161-166, 182-185, 205-209, 221-224. 108
Rosaceae Pyrus sp. U.S.A. Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614
Rosaceae Sorbus americana U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1985a. Rosaceous hosts of Phyllonorycter species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in New England. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(6):826-830.  
Rosaceae Sorbus aucuparia U.S.A. Maier, C. T. & Davis, D. R. 1989. Southern New England host and distributional records of Lithocolletinae Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temporate regions. - Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 70:i-v, 1-23. 12
Rosaceae Sorbus sp. U.S.A. Landry, J.-F. & Wagner, D. L. 1995. Taxonomic review of apple-feeding species of Phyllonorycter Hübner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in North America. - Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 97(3):603-625. 614

*   Tentiform mine on underside of leaf.

Species Parasitoids

FAMILY SPECIES COUNTRY PUBLICATION PAGE
Braconidae Pholetesor ornigis Canada LeRoux, E. J. & Parent, B. 1956. Note on the leaf-miner Lithocolletis malimalifoliella Braun (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) as an apple pest in Quebec. - Canadian Entomologist 88:515. 515
Braconidae Pholetesor ornigis U.S.A. Beckham, C. M., Hough, W. S. & Hill, C. H. 1950. Biology and control of the spotted tentiform leaf miner on apple trees. - Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 114:3-12.  
Eulophidae Achrysocharoides gahani U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Astichus tischeriae U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Chrysocharis sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1982. Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on sprayed and unsprayed apple trees in Connecticut. - Environmental Entomology 11(3):603-610. 604
Eulophidae Cirrospilus flavicinctus U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Cirrospilus nigrivariegatus U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Cirrospilus sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1982. Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on sprayed and unsprayed apple trees in Connecticut. - Environmental Entomology 11(3):603-610. 604
Eulophidae Cirrospilus vittatus U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Closterocerus trifasciatus U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Elasmus albicoxa U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Eulophus minutus U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Horismenus fraternus U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Minotetrastichus frontalis U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1988a. Parasitoid fauna of two Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on wild cherries, and similarity to fauna of apple leafminers. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81(3):460-466. 461
Eulophidae Pnigalio maculipes U.S.A. Weires, R. W., Davis, D. R., Leeper, J. R. & Reissig, W. H. 1980. Distribution and parasitism of gracillariid leafminers on apple in the Northeast. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73(5):541-546. 542
Eulophidae Pnigalio minio U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1982. Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on sprayed and unsprayed apple trees in Connecticut. - Environmental Entomology 11(3):603-610. 604
Eulophidae Sympiesis bimaculatipennis U.S.A. Weires, R. W., Davis, D. R., Leeper, J. R. & Reissig, W. H. 1980. Distribution and parasitism of gracillariid leafminers on apple in the Northeast. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73(5):541-546. 542
Eulophidae Sympiesis gordius U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Sympiesis marylandensis U.S.A. Weires, R. W., Davis, D. R., Leeper, J. R. & Reissig, W. H. 1980. Distribution and parasitism of gracillariid leafminers on apple in the Northeast. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73(5):541-546. 542
Eulophidae Sympiesis sericeicornis U.S.A. Beckham, C. M., Hough, W. S. & Hill, C. H. 1950. Biology and control of the spotted tentiform leaf miner on apple trees. - Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 114:3-12.  
Eulophidae Zagrammosoma mirum U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Eulophidae Zagrammosoma multilineatum U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1-1092. 950
Ichneumonidae Scambus sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1982. Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on sprayed and unsprayed apple trees in Connecticut. - Environmental Entomology 11(3):603-610. 604
Pteromalidae Halticoptera sp. U.S.A. Maier, C. T. 1982. Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on sprayed and unsprayed apple trees in Connecticut. - Environmental Entomology 11(3):603-610. 604