Caloptilia azaleella (Brants, 1913)

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SUBFAMILY Gracillariinae
GENUSCaloptilia
SPECIES azaleella
AUTHOR(Brants, 1913)
ORIGINAL COMBINATIONGracilaria azaleella
TYPE LOCALITYJapan.
GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES /
TYPE SPECIMEN(S) Not mentioned in original description, described from specimens obtained from "Azalea indica" imported from Japan into The Netherlands.
STATUSSpecies
PUBLICATION Brants, A. 1913. Mededeeling te doen van eene, zeer belangrijke waarneming van den Phytopathologischen Dienst. In: verslag van de acht- en- zestigste Zomervergadering der Nederlandse entomologische vereeniging. - Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 56:LXX–LXXII.
PAGINATION lxx–lxii

Species pictures

Species Synonyms

NAME AUTHOR STATUS
anthracosperma (Meyrick, 1931) Synonym of species
azaleae (Busck, 1914) Synonym of species

Species Distribution

COUNTRY PROVINCE/STATE PUBLICATION PAGE
Australia Victoria Common, I. F. B. 1990. Moths of Australia. - — :i–v, 1– 535. 198
Australia Tasmania Common, I. F. B. 1990. Moths of Australia. - — :i–v, 1– 535. 198
Australia New South Wales Common, I. F. B. 1990. Moths of Australia. - — :i–v, 1– 535. 198
Austria   Kusdas, K. & Reichl, E. R. 1990. Die Schmetterlinge Oberösterreichs. Tell 6: Microlepidoptera (Kleinschmetterlinge). - — 6:332 pp.. 112
Belgium   Van Daele, E. & Pelerents, C. 1969. Synthèse des observations effectuées pendant quatre années sur les lépidoptères nocturnes de la région horticole gantoise. - Mededelingen Rijksfakulteit Landbouwwetenschappen Gent 34(1):31–56. 36
Canada New Brunswick Busck, A. 1914. A new Gracilaria on Azalea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). - Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, Washington 2(1):1–2. 1–2
Canada British Columbia Pohl, G. R., Landry, J.-F., Schmidt, B. C., Lafontaine, J. D., Troubridge, J. T., Macaulay, A. D., van Nieukerken, E. J., DeWaard, J. R., Dombroskie, J. J., Klymko, J., Nazari, V. & Stead, K. 2018. Annotated checklist of the moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Canada and Alaska. - — :1–580. 56
Canada   Trimble, F. M. 1924. The Azalea leaf-miner (Lepid.: Tineidae). - Entomological News 35:275–279, 1 pl.. 276
China Jiangxi Yuan, D. 1992a. Additional records on the genus Caloptilia from China (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Entomotaxonomia 14(3):209–211. 210
China   Kuznetzov, V. I. 1981. Fam. Gracillariidae (Lithocolletiidae) - leaf blotch miners. In: Medvedev, G. S. (Ed.), A guide to the insects of the European part of the USSR. Lepidoptera. Vol. 4. Lepidoptera. Part 2. - — :1–786, Chapter pagination:149–311. 186
China Fujian Yuan, D. 1992a. Additional records on the genus Caloptilia from China (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Entomotaxonomia 14(3):209–211. 210
Czech Republic   Zimmermann, F. 1926. III. Nachtrag zur Lepidopterenfauna von Mähren. - Lotus 74:19–28.  
Denmark   Larsen, C. S. 1927. Tillæg til Fortegnelse over Danmark Microlepidoptera. - Entomologiske Meddelelser 17:7–211. 121
Finland   Krogerus, H., Opheim, M., von Schantz, M., Svensson, I. & Wolff, N. L. 1971. Catalogus Lepidopterorum Fenniae et Scandinaviae. Microlepidoptera. - — :1–40. 24
France   Szabóky, C. 2012. New data of the Microlepidoptera fauna of Hungary, part XIV (Lepidoptera: Tineidae, Gracillariidae, Gelechiidae, Crambidae). - Folia Entomologica Hungarica / Rovartani Közlemények 73:45–51. 47
Germany   Osthelder, L. 1951. Die Schmetterlinge Südbayerns und der angrenzenden nördlichen Kalkalpen. II. Teil. Die Kleischmetterlinge. 2. Heft. Glyphipterygidae bis Micropterygidae. - Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologische Gesellschaft 41:113–250. 212
Hungary   Szabóky, C. 2012. New data of the Microlepidoptera fauna of Hungary, part XIV (Lepidoptera: Tineidae, Gracillariidae, Gelechiidae, Crambidae). - Folia Entomologica Hungarica / Rovartani Közlemények 73:45–51. 46
Ireland   Higgott, J. B. & Mackie, C. A. 2003. Two new Irish moths. - Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 115(3):130. 130
Italy   Hartig, F. 1956. Prodromus dei Microlepidotteri della Venezia Tridentina e delle regioni adiacenti. - Studi Trentini di Scienze Naturali, Rivista del "Museo di Storia Naturale della Venezia Tridentina" 33(1–3):89–148. 135
Japan Shikoku Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Japan Honshū Meyrick, E. 1931d. Exotic Microlepidoptera. - Exotic Microlepidoptera (Marlborough) 4(6):161–192. 171 (as anthracosperma)
Japan Kyūshū Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Japan Hokkaidō Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Korea, Republic of   Sohn, J.-C. 2007. Faunistic contribution to the Korean Microlepidoptera and Pyralids (1) - 40 spcies new to Korea. - Tinea 20(1):12–27. 15
Luxembourg   Wagner-Rollinger, C. 1974. Les lépidoptères du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (et des régions limitrophes). - Archives de l'Institut Grand-Ducal, Section des Sciences 36:285–358. 308
Netherlands   Brants, A. 1913. Mededeeling te doen van eene, zeer belangrijke waarneming van den Phytopathologischen Dienst. In: verslag van de acht- en- zestigste Zomervergadering der Nederlandse entomologische vereeniging. - Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 56:LXX–LXXII. lxx
New Zealand   Dugdale, J. S. 1988. Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys of family-group taxa. - Fauna of New Zealand 14:1–262. 71 (adventive)
Norway   Krogerus, H., Opheim, M., von Schantz, M., Svensson, I. & Wolff, N. L. 1971. Catalogus Lepidopterorum Fenniae et Scandinaviae. Microlepidoptera. - — :1–40. 24
Poland   Kuznetzov, V. I. 1999. Insects and mites: pests of agricultural plants. Volume 3. Lepidoptera. Part 2. - — :[Chapter pagination: 9–45]. 13
Portugal Madeira Franquinho Aguiar, A. M. & Karsholt, O. 2006. Systematic catalogue of the entomofauna of the Madeira archipelago and Selvagens islands. Lepidoptera Vol. 1. - Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal (História Natural) Suppl. 9:5–139. 18
Portugal   Corley, M. F. V., Rosete, J., Marabuto, E., Maravalhas, E. & Pires, P. 2014. New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2013 (Insecta: Lepidoptera). - SHILAP, Revista de Lepidopterologia 42(168):587–613. 593
Russian Federation European Central region Kuznetzov, V. I. & Baryshnikova, S. V. 1998. Brief catalogue of the mining moths of the fam. Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera) of Russia and adjacent countries. - Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Rossijskaya Akademija Nauk 274:1–60. 10
Slovakia   Hrubý, K. 1964. Prodromus Lepidopterorum Slovaciae. - — :962 pp.. 216
South Africa   Vári, L. 1991. A newly recorded pest attacking Rhododendron indicum Sweet (=Azalea indica) in South Africa (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 54(1):88–89. 88
Sweden   Benander, P. 1944. Sveriges Lithocolletider (Gracilariidae) [sic]. - Opuscula Entomologica 9:79–137. 132
Switzerland   Whitebread, S. E. & Joos, R. 1986. Nachtfalter und Kleinschmetterlinge. – In: Blattner, M., Ritter, M. & Ewald, K. C. (Eds), Basler Natur-Atlas I. - — :116–121. 117
United Kingdom   Meyrick, E. 1927a. A revised handbook of British Lepidoptera. - — :1–914. 791
United States, US New Jersey Busck, A. 1914. A new Gracilaria on Azalea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). - Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, Washington 2(1):1–2. 1
United States, US Florida Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 597
United States, US Kentucky van Orden Covell, C. 1999. The butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) of Kentucky: an annotated checklist. - — 6:i–liv, 1–220. 22
United States, US Massachusetts Forbes, W. T. M. 1923. The Lepidoptera of New York and neighbouring states. Part I. Primitive forms, Microlepidoptera, Pyraloids, Bombyces. - Memoirs of Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station 68:1–729. 175
United States, US Pennsylvania Trimble, F. M. 1924. The Azalea leaf-miner (Lepid.: Tineidae). - Entomological News 35:275–279, 1 pl.. 276
United States, US West Virginia Albu, V. & Metzler, E. 2004. Lepidoptera of North America. 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera. In: Contributions of the C. P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University. - — :1–82. 40
United States, US Illinois Heppner, J. B. 2007. Arthropods of Florida and neighbouring land areas. Volume 17. Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalogue. - — :x+670 pp.. 241
United States, US Texas Heppner, J. B. 2007. Arthropods of Florida and neighbouring land areas. Volume 17. Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalogue. - — :x+670 pp.. 241
United States, US New York Busck, A. 1914. A new Gracilaria on Azalea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). - Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, Washington 2(1):1–2. 1

Host Plants

FAMILY SPECIES COUNTRY PUBLICATION PAGE
Ericaceae Azalea sp. Austria Kusdas, K. & Reichl, E. R. 1990. Die Schmetterlinge Oberösterreichs. Tell 6: Microlepidoptera (Kleinschmetterlinge). - — 6:332 pp.. 112
Ericaceae Rhododendron decandrum Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Netherlands Brants, A. 1913. Mededeeling te doen van eene, zeer belangrijke waarneming van den Phytopathologischen Dienst. In: verslag van de acht- en- zestigste Zomervergadering der Nederlandse entomologische vereeniging. - Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 56:LXX–LXXII. lxx
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum South Africa Vári, L. 1991. A newly recorded pest attacking Rhododendron indicum Sweet (=Azalea indica) in South Africa (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 54(1):88–89. 88
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Slovakia Hrubý, K. 1964. Prodromus Lepidopterorum Slovaciae. - — :962 pp.. 216
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum United Kingdom Emmet, A. M. 1988. A field guide to the smaller British Lepidoptera. Second edition. - — :1–288. 55
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Germany Voigt, G. 1929. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Minen und ihrer Erreger, sowie Beobachtungen über das Vorkommen von Minen im Rheingau und benachbarten rheinischen Gebieten. - Jahrbuch Nassauer Verein für Naturkunde 80:24–74. 54
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Switzerland Whitebread, S. E. & Joos, R. 1986. Nachtfalter und Kleinschmetterlinge. – In: Blattner, M., Ritter, M. & Ewald, K. C. (Eds), Basler Natur-Atlas I. - — :116–121. 117
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum Portugal Corley, M. F. V. 2015. Lepidoptera of Continental Portugal. - — :282 pp.. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron indicum U.S.A. Heppner, J. B. 2007. Arthropods of Florida and neighbouring land areas. Volume 17. Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalogue. - — :x+670 pp.. 241
Ericaceae Rhododendron japonicum Denmark Buhl, O., Falck, P., Jørgensen, B., Karsholt, O., Larsen, K. & Vilhelmsen, F. 1999. Fund af småsommerfugle fra Danmark i 1998 (Lepidoptera). - Entomologiske Meddelelser 67(4):103–112. 106
Ericaceae Rhododendron japonicum Netherlands Huisman, K. J., Koster, J. C., Muus, T. S. T. & van Nieukerken, E. J. 2013. Microlepidoptera in Nederland, vooral in 2007-2010 met een terugblik op 30 jaar faunistisch onderzoek. - Entomologische Berichten 73(3):91–117. 98
Ericaceae Rhododendron kaempferi Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron kiusianum Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron macrosepalum Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron obtusum France Réal, P. & Balachowsky, A. S. 1966. Famille des Gracillariidae (= Lithocolletidae). In: Balachowsky, A. S. (Ed.), Entomologie appliquée à l'agriculture. Tome 2. Lépidoptères. - — :1–1057 [Chapter pagination: 309–335]. 315
Ericaceae Rhododendron simsii Germany Biesenbaum, W. 2010. Die Lepidopterenfauna der Rheinlande und Westfalens. Band 15. familie Bucculatricidae Fracker, 1915. Familie: Gracillariidae Stainton, 1854. Unterfamilie: Gracillariinae Stainton, 1854. - — 15:1–168, 1–9 pls. 58
Ericaceae Rhododendron simsii United Kingdom Emmet, A. M. 1988. A field guide to the smaller British Lepidoptera. Second edition. - — :1–288. 55
Ericaceae Rhododendron simsii Czech Republic Šumpich, J., Liška, J., Sitek, J., Marek, J., Skyva, J., Uricar, J., Fiala, F., Jakeš, O., Dvorák, I., Maršik, L., Potocky, P., Laštuvka, A., Elsner, V., Laštuvka, Z., Mikát, M. & Kacirek, A. 2011. Faunistic records from the Czech Republic – 326. - Klapalekiana 47:281–298. 282
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. Sweden Benander, P. 1944. Sveriges Lithocolletider (Gracilariidae) [sic]. - Opuscula Entomologica 9:79–137. 132
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. U.S.A. Busck, A. 1914. A new Gracilaria on Azalea (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). - Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, Washington 2(1):1–2. 1
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. New Zealand Dugdale, J. S. 1988. Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys of family-group taxa. - Fauna of New Zealand 14:1–262. 71
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. United Kingdom Meyrick, E. 1927a. A revised handbook of British Lepidoptera. - — :1–914. 791
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. Madeira Franquinho Aguiar, A. M. & Karsholt, O. 2006. Systematic catalogue of the entomofauna of the Madeira archipelago and Selvagens islands. Lepidoptera Vol. 1. - Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal (História Natural) Suppl. 9:5–139. 42
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. Portugal Corley, M. F. V., Rosete, J., Marabuto, E., Maravalhas, E. & Pires, P. 2014. New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2013 (Insecta: Lepidoptera). - SHILAP, Revista de Lepidopterologia 42(168):587–613. 593
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. Denmark Larsen, C. S. 1927. Tillæg til Fortegnelse over Danmark Microlepidoptera. - Entomologiske Meddelelser 17:7–211. 121
Ericaceae Rhododendron sp. Germany Eckstein, K. 1933. Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Biologie und wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung. 5. Band Die Kleinschmetterlinge Deutschlands. - — :223 pp., 32 colour pls.. 157
Ericaceae Rhododendron viscistylum Japan Kumata, T. 1982a. A taxonomic revision of the Gracillaria group occurring in Japan (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). - Insecta Matsumurana, N. S. 26:1–186. 67
Ericaceae Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense Korea Sohn, J.-C. 2007. Faunistic contribution to the Korean Microlepidoptera and Pyralids (1) - 40 spcies new to Korea. - Tinea 20(1):12–27. 15

Species Parasitoids

FAMILY SPECIES COUNTRY PUBLICATION PAGE
Braconidae Paroligonerus sp. U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Eulophidae Elasmus sp. U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Eulophidae Pnigalio sp. U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Eulophidae Sympiesis dolichogaster U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Eulophidae Sympiesis sericeicornis U.S.A. Peck, O. 1963. A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea. - Canadian Entomologist Suppl. 30:1–1092. 950
Eulophidae Sympiesis sp. U.S.A. Trimble, F. M. 1924. The Azalea leaf-miner (Lepid.: Tineidae). - Entomological News 35:275–279, 1 pl.. 278
Eulophidae Zagrammosoma multilineatum U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Ichneumonidae Diadegma sp. U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600
Ichneumonidae Gelis sp. U.S.A. Mizell, R. F. & Schiffhauer, D. E. 1991. Biology, effect on hosts, and control of the azalea leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on nursery stock. - Environmental Entomology 20(2):597–602. 600